GE8291 Environmental Science And Engineering Lecture Notes Syllabus Book Previous 2 13 15 Marks
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GE8291 Environmental Science And Engineering
UNIT I: ENVIRONMENT, ECOSYSTEMS
AND BIODIVERSITY
Definition, scope and importance
of environment – need for public awareness - concept of an ecosystem –
structure and function of an ecosystem – producers, consumers and decomposers –
energy flow in the ecosystem – ecological succession – food chains, food webs
and ecological pyramids – Introduction, types, characteristic features,
structure and function of the (a) forest ecosystem (b) grassland ecosystem (c)
desert ecosystem (d) aquatic ecosystems (ponds, streams, lakes, rivers, oceans,
estuaries) – Introduction to biodiversity definition: genetic, species and ecosystem diversity – biogeographical
classification of India – value of biodiversity: consumptive use, productive
use, social, ethical, aesthetic and option values – Biodiversity at global,
national and local levels – India as a
mega-diversity nation – hot-spots of biodiversity – threats to biodiversity: habitat loss, poaching of
wildlife, man-wildlife conflicts – endangered and endemic species of India – conservation of
biodiversity: In-situ and ex-situ conservation of biodiversity. Field study of
common plants, insects, birds; Field study of simple ecosystems – pond, river,
hill slopes, etc.
UNIT II:ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
Definition – causes, effects and
control measures of: (a) Air pollution (b) Water pollution (c) Soil pollution (d) Marine pollution (e) Noise
pollution (f) Thermal pollution (g) Nuclear hazards – solid waste management: causes, effects and control
measures of municipal solid wastes – role of an
ndividual in prevention of pollution – pollution case studies – disaster
management: floods, earthquake, cyclone
and landslides. Field study of local polluted site – Urban / Rural / Industrial
/ Agricultural.
UNIT III:NATURAL RESOURCES
Forest resources: Use and
over-exploitation, deforestation, case studies- timber extraction, mining, dams
and their effects on forests and tribal people – Water resources: Use and over-
utilization of surface and ground water, floods, drought, conflicts over water,
dams-benefits and problems – Mineral
resources: Use and exploitation, environmental effects of extracting and using
mineral resources, case studies – Food
resources: World food problems, changes caused by agriculture and overgrazing, effects of modern
agriculture, fertilizer-pesticide problems, water logging, salinity, case studies – Energy resources: Growing
energy needs, renewable and non renewable energy sources, use of alternate energy sources.
case studies – Land resources: Land as a resource, land degradation, man induced landslides, soil
erosion and desertification – role of an individual in conservation of natural
resources – Equitable use of resources
for sustainable lifestyles. Field study
of local area to document environmental assets – river / forest / grassland /
hill / mountain.
UNIT IV: SOCIAL ISSUES AND THE
ENVIRONMENT
From unsustainable to sustainable
development – urban problems related to energy – water conservation, rain water
harvesting, watershed management – resettlement and rehabilitation of people;
its problems and concerns, case studies – role of non-governmental
organization- environmental ethics: Issues and possible solutions – climate
change, global warming, acid rain, ozone layer depletion, nuclear accidents and
holocaust, case studies. – wasteland reclamation – consumerism and waste
products – environment production act – Air (Prevention and Control of
Pollution) act – Water (Prevention and control of Pollution) act – Wildlife
protection act – Forest conservation act – enforcement machinery involved
in environmental legislation- central
and state pollution control boards- Public awareness.
UNIT V: HUMAN POPULATION AND THE
ENVIRONMENT
Population growth, variation
among nations – population explosion – family welfare programme – environment
and human health – human rights – value education – HIV / AIDS – women and child welfare – role of information technology
in environment and human health – Case studies.
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Benny Joseph, ‘Environmental
Science and Engineering’, Tata McGraw-Hill, New Delhi, 2006.
2. Gilbert M.Masters,
‘Introduction to Environmental Engineering and Science’, 2nd edition, Pearson Education, 2004.
REFERENCES:
1. Dharmendra S. Sengar,
‘Environmental law’, Prentice hall of India PVT LTD,New Delhi, 2007.
2. Erach Bharucha, “Textbook of
Environmental Studies”, Universities Press(I) PVT, LTD, Hydrabad, 2015.
3. Rajagopalan, R, ‘Environmental
Studies-From Crisis to Cure’, Oxford University Press,2005.
4. G. Tyler Miller and Scott E.
Spoolman, “Environmental Science”, Cengage Learning India PVT, LTD, Delhi, 2014.
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